Texas winters may not bring mountains of snow, but they come with their own set of unique challenges. Rapid temperature swings, icy roads, and the occasional cold snap can make driving unpredictable.

For Texans, winter car maintenance isn’t just an optional chore—it’s essential for safety, efficiency, and avoiding costly breakdowns.

Here are comprehensive and detailed steps for optimum winter car maintenance in Texas to keep your car running smoothly all winter long.

Why Winter Car Maintenance is Critical in Texas

Texas weather is famously unpredictable. You might wake up to sunny skies and mild temperatures, only to encounter freezing rain or icy roads by evening. These conditions can catch drivers off guard, especially when cars aren’t equipped to handle the sudden changes.

Proper maintenance keeps your car performing reliably when you need it most. From keeping the battery alive in freezing conditions to maintaining your tires’ grip icy roads, a little preparation can save you from big headaches and hazards.

1. Tires: The Foundation of Safe Winter Driving

Your tires are your car’s only contact with the road, making their condition vital for winter safety.

Tire Pressure

As temperatures drop, so does tire pressure. For every 10°F decrease, tire pressure can drop by about 1 psi (pounds per square inch). Underinflated tires reduce traction, make handling more difficult, and increase fuel consumption.

• How to check pressure: Use a tire pressure gauge (easily found at auto stores) and measure the pressure when your tires are cold (before driving or after sitting for a few hours).
• Find the correct PSI: Your car’s manual or the sticker on the driver-side door frame lists the recommended tire pressure. Adjust accordingly using an air pump.

Tread Depth

Tire tread determines how well your car grips the road, especially in wet or icy conditions. Worn tread makes skidding more likely.

•  The penny test: Place a penny into the tread groove with Lincoln’s head facing down. If you can see the top of his head, it’s time for new tires.
• Specialized tires: For most Texans, all-season tires work well. However, if you frequently travel to colder, snowy regions, consider switching to winter tires. These tires have deeper treads and softer rubber, designed for better performance in icy or snowy conditions.

2. Battery: Power to Keep You Moving

Cold weather is tough on batteries. As temperatures drop, a battery’s capacity to hold a charge decreases, often leading to failure when you least expect it. Here is what to do:

• Check battery health: Many auto parts stores offer free battery testing. This can tell you if your battery is still holding a strong charge or if it’s time to replace it.
• Clean the terminals: Corrosion on battery terminals can block power flow. Use a mix of baking soda and water with a toothbrush to scrub them clean.
• Age matters: Batteries typically last 3-5 years. If yours is near the end of its lifespan, consider replacing it before winter.

3. Fluids: Keep the Engine Happy

Fluids are the lifeblood of your car, and cold weather affects how they flow and perform.

Antifreeze (Coolant)

Antifreeze prevents your engine from freezing in cold temperatures and overheating when it’s warm. A 50/50 mix of water and antifreeze is standard, but your owner’s manual will specify the right mix for your vehicle.

• How to check: Look at the coolant level in the reservoir (a transparent tank near the radiator). If it’s low, add the appropriate mixture.
• Flush the system: If your coolant is dirty or old, have it flushed and replaced by a mechanic.

Oil

Oil thickens in cold weather, making it harder for your engine to start and lubricate properly.

• Use winter-grade oil: Winter oils have a lower viscosity, allowing them to flow more easily in cold conditions. Look for oil marked with a “W” (e.g., 5W-30) for winter use.
• Change regularly: Fresh oil performs better in extreme conditions, so an oil change before winter is a good idea.

Windshield Washer Fluid

Regular washer fluid can freeze in low temperatures, leaving you with an icy mess when you try to clean your windshield.

• Switch to winter-grade fluid: This fluid is designed to resist freezing.
• Keep it full: Check the reservoir frequently and top it off as needed.

4. Visibility: See and Be Seen

Driving in winter often means dealing with shorter days, foggy mornings, and unpredictable precipitation. Clear visibility is critical for safe driving.

Wiper Blades

Worn-out or ineffective wipers can turn a minor drizzle into a major hazard.

• When to replace: If your wipers streak, skip, or squeak, it’s time for new ones. Winter-specific wiper blades are a good investment since they resist ice buildup.
• Check regularly: Inspect for cracks, tears, or stiffness in the rubber.

Lights

Proper lighting helps you see and makes you visible to others on the road.

• Inspect all bulbs: Check headlights, taillights, brake lights, and turn signals. Replace any dim or burned-out bulbs.
• Clean headlight covers: Foggy or yellowed covers reduce brightness. Use a restoration kit or have them professionally cleaned.

5. Emergency Kit: Prepare for the Unexpected

Even with the best maintenance, things can go wrong. A well-stocked emergency kit can make a stressful situation more manageable. Here are the things you should include:

• Warmth: Blankets, gloves, hats, and hand warmers.
• Safety: Jumper cables, flashlight with extra batteries, and a first aid kit.
• Survival Supplies: Non-perishable snacks and bottled water.
• Tools: Ice scraper, small shovel, and sand or kitty litter for traction.
• Extras: Fully charged power bank, duct tape, and extra washer fluid

6. Protecting Your Car’s Exterior

While we often focus on the internal mechanics of a car for winter readiness, the exterior also takes a beating during the colder months. Here is how to protect your car’s exterior and keep it looking great all winter long.

1. Combat road salt and de-icing chemicals

Road salt and de-icing chemicals are common on icy roads, but they can corrode your car’s paint and undercarriage, leading to rust.

• Regular washes: Wash your car frequently, paying special attention to the undercarriage where salt tends to accumulate. Aim for at least twice a month during winter.
• Wax before winter: A good wax layer before winter acts as a barrier, protecting your paint from salt and grime.
• Salt-specific washes: Use car washes that offer undercarriage cleaning to remove salt effectively.

2. Protect against ice and snow damage

Ice and snow can damage your car’s exterior if not managed properly.

• Remove ice carefully: Use a plastic scraper to remove ice from windows. Avoid using metal tools that can scratch the paint.
• Avoid parking under trees: Ice and snow falling from branches can dent your car or scratch the surface.

3. Maintain your windshield and windows

Frosted or icy windshields are a hassle and can damage your glass if not handled correctly.

• Use a windshield cover: A cover prevents frost and ice from forming overnight.
• Apply a water repellent: Rain-resistant treatments help water bead and roll off your windshield, reducing ice buildup.
• De-ice with care: Use a commercial de-icer spray or a mix of vinegar and water to dissolve frost without damaging the glass.

4. Address paint chips and scratches

Even small paint chips can become rust spots when exposed to salt and moisture.

• Touch-up paint: Use a touch-up paint kit to cover scratches or chips before winter starts.
• Inspect after each wash: Regularly check for new scratches or chips and address them promptly.

6. Protect tires and wheels

Your tires and wheels are constantly exposed to road debris, salt, and grime.

• Wheel cleaning: Use a wheel cleaner to remove salt and brake dust.
• Tire dressing: Apply a tire dressing to keep the rubber moisturized and protected from cracking.

7. Shield the undercarriage

The undercarriage is highly susceptible to rust and corrosion during winter.

• Rust-proof coating: Apply a rust-proofing treatment before winter begins to provide extra protection.
• Inspect for damage: Check the undercarriage after winter to ensure no significant rusting or damage has occurred.

7. Schedule a Professional Winter Checkup

While you can handle many tasks yourself, a professional inspection ensures no detail is overlooked. Mechanics can:

• Test your battery.
• Inspect belts and hoses for cracks.
• Check brake pads and fluid levels.
• Ensure your heating and defrost systems work correctly.

8. Avoiding Common Winter Hazards

Navigating Texas roads in winter means dealing with a mix of unique challenges, from hidden ice patches to foggy mornings. Understanding these hazards and knowing how to handle them can significantly enhance your safety.

1. Black Ice: The Silent Threat

Black ice is a nearly invisible layer of ice that forms on road surfaces, blending seamlessly with the pavement.

Where it forms:

• Shaded areas that receive little sunlight.
• Bridges and overpasses, where cold air circulates both above and below.
• Early mornings or late evenings when temperatures are at their lowest.

How to handle black ice:

• Stay calm: Avoid abrupt movements with the steering wheel, brakes, or accelerator.
• Reduce speed: Drive slowly in areas prone to black ice, like bridges and shaded roads.
• Control a skid: If your car slides, steer gently in the direction of the skid. Avoid slamming on the brakes, which can worsen the slide.

2. Slippery Roads from Rain or Ice

Freezing rain, drizzle, or early frost can create dangerously slick roads.

Key risks:

• Reduced traction makes braking and steering harder.
• Refreezing of melted ice can create unexpected slick spots, especially in the morning.

How to stay safe:

• Drive at a reduced speed and avoid sudden braking or sharp turns.
• Increase your following distance to allow more time to react.

3. Low Visibility from Fog, Rain, or Snow

Poor visibility can make it difficult to see road signs, obstacles, or other vehicles

Causes of low visibility:

• Dense fog during cold mornings.
• Rain or sleet blurring windshields.
• Occasional snow further obscures the road.

How to manage low visibility:

• Use low-beam headlights: High beams can reflect off fog, rain, or snow, reducing visibility.
• Clean your windshield: Ensure your wipers are in good condition and your windshield washer fluid is winter-grade.
• Drive slower: Reduce your speed to match what you can see ahead safely.

4. Bridges and Overpasses: Unexpected Ice Zones

Bridges and overpasses freeze faster than regular roads because they are surrounded by cold air.

Why it’s dangerous:

You may encounter ice here even when the rest of the road appears clear.

How to stay safe:

• Approach cautiously: Slow down as you near a bridge or overpass.
• Avoid sudden moves: Do not brake, accelerate, or change lanes abruptly while crossing.

5. Freezing Windshield and Door Locks

Overnight frost can freeze windshields and door locks, making it difficult to access your car.

How to prevent it:

• Windshield: Cover it with a frost guard or tarp overnight. Use a de-icer spray or scraper if ice forms.
• Locks: Apply a silicone-based lubricant to locks and door seals. If frozen, use a lock de-icer or warm the key to melt the ice.

6. ‘Puffing’: The Warm-Up Risk

“Puffing” refers to leaving your car running unattended to warm it up.

Why it’s risky:

• Makes your car an easy target for theft.
• Wastes fuel and increases emissions.

Safer alternatives:

• Stay with your car: Start the engine and defrost windows while staying inside.
• Use a remote starter: If available, this allows you to warm up your car while keeping it locked.

Winter Car Maintenance Checklist for Texas Drivers

Maintenance Task	Why It’s Important	When to Do It
Check Tire Pressure	Cold temperatures can reduce tire pressure. Ensure proper inflation for safety and fuel efficiency.	Once a month or before long trips
Inspect Tread Depth	Good tread ensures better traction on wet or icy roads.	Monthly or before winter starts
Test and Clean Battery	Cold weather can affect battery power. Clean terminals and check voltage.	Before the first cold snap
Change to Winter-Grade Oil	Thicker oil can make your engine work harder in the cold.	Before winter starts
Top Off Antifreeze	Prevents engine freezing and overheating in extreme temperatures.	Once a season or before cold snaps
Check Windshield Wipers and Fluid	Clear visibility is crucial, especially in rain, ice, or fog.	Before each winter storm
Inspect and Lubricate Door Seals and Locks	Prevent freezing doors and locks during cold weather.	Before the first freeze

Stay Safe and Confident on the Road with Driving Quest

Texas winters may be mild compared to other places, but they still require preparation. By maintaining your tires, battery, fluids, and visibility—and packing an emergency kit—you’ll be ready for whatever the season brings.

Ready to master the road responsibly? Driving Quest’s Texas-approved online driver’s education course is the ultimate guide to building your defensive driving skills. Available in both English and Spanish, the course prepares you for the DPS written exam and equips you with the knowledge to handle Texas roads year-round—all from the comfort of your home.

Start your journey to a Texas driver’s license today. Enroll with Driving Quest and take control of your driving future!